Biomechanics

Biomechanics is the study of the structure, function, and motion of the mechanical aspects of biological systems, at any level from whole organisms to organs, cells and cell organelles, using the methods of mechanics. Over the years, CFD Research has extensively developed comprehensive computational tools, under CoBi framework, that can aid us in the investigation of human body response under extremely complex loading conditions. Wide variety of biomechanical models were developed to computationally simulate the human body organ response under different loading conditions. Depicted below includes the application of CoBi tools for development of brain and spinal injury biomechanical models [1-3].

Furthermore, CobiDyn and CoBi framework tools have been used to simulate wide-variety of biophysics models such as ballistic penetration injury, axonal damage using electromechanical modeling, musculoskeletal injury to the neck, shoulder, lower extremity and spine, biodynamics of aircraft pilot-ejection seat, human body exposure to RF waves and associated bioeffects, cardiovascular response to trauma and hemorrhage, mechanobiology of neuro axonal structures in vitro and in vivo, pulmonary toxicology in response to inhaled nanoparticles and chem/bio agents, and others. Shown here are some examples of different biophysics phenomenon investigated for different organ systems.

In addition to the above models, CFD Research has developed software tools for studying human biodynamics and injury prediction related to areas such as load carriage, head supported mass, ergonomics, repetitive tasks or loading, rehabilitation, prosthetics.

References

  1. Przekwas A, Tan XG, Chen ZJ, Miao Y, Harrand V, Garimella HT, Kraft RH, Gupta RK. (2019) Biomechanics of Blast TBI with Time Resolved Consecutive Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Loads. Military Medicine. 2019 Mar 1;184(Suppl.-1):195-205
  2. Gupta R.K., and Przekwas A., (2013) Mathematical models of blast induced TBI: current status, challenges and prospects, Frontiers in Neurotrauma, 4:59, 2013.
  3. Garimella, H. T., & Kraft, R. H. (2017). Modeling the mechanics of axonal fiber tracts using the embedded finite element method. International journal for numerical methods in biomedical engineering, 33(5), e2823.
  4. Roos, Vasavada, Zheng, Zhou (2020) Neck musculoskeletal model generation through anthropometric scaling. PLoS ONE 15(1): e0219954.
  5. Pickle, Zehnbauer, Zhou, Sanford, Hoyt, Zientara, and Roos. A Software Platform for Dynamic Simulation of Anatomically Realistic Warfighter Avatars During Military-Relevant Tasks. The Military Health System Research Symposium (MHSRS), Kissimmee FL, 2019.